1421: The Year China Discovered America is a controversial book written by Gavin Menzies, a retired British Royal Navy submarine commander. In this book, Menzies presents the theory that Chinese fleets led by Admiral Zheng He reached the Americas before Christopher Columbus. The book was published in 2002 and has since sparked debates among historians and scholars.

Menzies argues that in 1421, the Chinese fleet embarked on a series of voyages that circumnavigated the globe, reaching various parts of the world including the Americas. He claims that these expeditions were part of a grand plan by the Ming Dynasty to establish a global maritime empire. According to Menzies, the Chinese fleet sailed through various routes, including the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Atlantic Ocean.

One of the main pieces of evidence presented in the book is a map called the “Yongle map,” which Menzies believes is a Chinese map from 1418 that accurately depicts the coastlines of various continents. He argues that this map shows knowledge of America’s coastline before Columbus’s voyage in 1492. However, many experts have criticized Menzies’ interpretation of the map, pointing out that it is not widely accepted as authentic or accurate.

Menzies also suggests that Chinese explorers left behind various artifacts and cultural influences in America. He claims to have found evidence such as Chinese-style anchors, porcelain shards, and genetic markers among Native American populations. However, these claims have been met with skepticism from mainstream historians who argue that there is insufficient evidence to support such assertions.

Critics of Menzies’ theory argue that his claims lack solid historical evidence and rely heavily on speculation and conjecture. They point out that there is no concrete documentation or reliable contemporary accounts to support his assertions. Furthermore, they argue that Menzies’ background as a naval officer does not qualify him as an expert in Chinese history or maritime exploration.

In response to the book, many historians and scholars have published critiques and rebuttals, highlighting the lack of credible evidence and flawed methodology in Menzies’ research. They argue that his claims go against the established historical narrative and are not supported by primary sources or archaeological findings.

Despite the controversy surrounding the book, it has gained popularity among some readers who find Menzies’ theory intriguing. The book has sparked discussions about the possibility of pre-Columbian contact between different civilizations and has prompted further research into ancient maritime exploration.

1421 – The Year China Discovered America is a book by author Gavin Menzies. On March 8, 1421, the largest fleet the world had ever seen sailed from China. Its mission is to “go to the ends of the earth to collect tribute from the barbarians across the sea” and unite the whole world in Confucianism.

When it returned in October 1423, the emperor had collapsed China in political and economic chaos. The great ships were rotting at their moorings. It is known that Chinese ships arrived in the Americas 70 years before Columbus and circumnavigated the world a century before Magellan. It is also hidden that the Chinese colonized the Americas before the Europeans and planted in the Americas and other countries the main economic crops that fed the world.

• 1421

• The Year China Discovered America
• By: Gavin Menzies
• Narrated by: Simon Vance
• Length: 12 hrs and 59 mins
• #Audiobookfree #OnlineAudiobook #FreeAudiobook
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